Is Gastric and GERD the Same? Here's the Difference!

klabdigitalmarketi
Oct 15, 2024
3 min read

There is a common misconception that heartburn and GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) are the same condition due to their association with digestive issues in the stomach area. However, they are distinct in terms of causes and symptoms. To differentiate between the two, let's examine their definitions, symptoms, and treatments.

What is A Gastric Pain?

Gastric pain, also known as gastritis, is a medical condition that occurs when the lining of the stomach becomes inflamed or irritated. This inflammation is mainly caused by increased stomach acid, leading to inflammation of the gastric mucosa. Various factors, such as irregular eating patterns, stress, Helicobacter pylori bacterial infection, or excessive consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can trigger ulcers.

Gastric Pain Symptoms:

Pain in the Upper Epigastrium: One of the main symptoms of gastritis is pain or a burning sensation in the upper epigastrium that worsens after eating.
Nausea and Vomiting: Gastric pain often causes nausea and vomiting, especially after eating.
Bloating: People with gastric issues may also experience bloating or a feeling of fullness after eating small meals.
Easily Full: They may feel full quickly even after eating only a small amount.

What is GERD?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a long-term condition caused by the backward flow (reflux) of stomach acid into the esophagus. This happens when the lower esophageal sphincter, which is supposed to prevent stomach acid from rising, weakens or malfunctions. Consequently, stomach acid moves up into the esophagus, leading to irritation of the esophageal lining.

Symptoms of GERD:

Heartburn: One of the main signs of GERD is a burning sensation that spreads from the chest to the throat.
Regurgitation: Fluids or food from the stomach can come back up into the mouth, causing a bitter or sour taste.
Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia): People with GERD often have difficulty swallowing or feel like something is stuck in the throat.
Chronic Cough and Hoarseness: Acid reflux can cause a persistent dry cough and changes in the voice due to irritation of the vocal cords.

Key Differences Between Gastric and GERD

While both conditions are linked to excessive stomach acid production, the main distinction lies in the affected area and the mechanism. In heartburn, the issue primarily occurs in the stomach itself, whereas in GERD, the problem involves stomach acid rising up into the esophagus.

Location: Gastritis affects the stomach, whereas GERD involves the esophagus.
Symptoms: Gastritis is characterized by pain in the pit of the stomach, while GERD is characterized by heartburn or a burning sensation in the chest.

How to Treat Gastric Pain and GERD

To manage heartburn and GERD, treatment typically involves a combination of lifestyle adjustments and medications.

How to Treat Gastric Pain:

Diet – Eat small, frequent meals and avoid spicy, acidic, and fatty foods.
Medications – Antacids or acid-blockers such as ranitidine or omeprazole are often recommended.
Avoid Stress – Stress can trigger acid production, so it is important to manage stress well.
Avoid Overuse of NSAIDs – Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen can worsen heartburn symptoms.

How to Treat GERD:

Lifestyle Changes: This includes losing weight, sleeping with the head of the bed elevated, and avoiding trigger foods such as chocolate, caffeine, and fatty foods that can cause reflux.
Medications: People with GERD may require stomach acid blockers or prokinetics to help strengthen the esophageal sphincter.
Surgery: In severe cases of GERD that do not respond to medication, surgery such as fundoplication may be necessary to strengthen the esophageal sphincter.

When to See a Doctor?

Both Gastric and GERD can be dangerous if left untreated. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a doctor immediately. In GERD, uncontrolled acid reflux can cause serious complications such as esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus), esophageal stricture (narrowing of the esophagus), or even increase the risk of esophageal cancer. Start a healthy lifestyle early and have a routine medical check-up at least once a year to understand your body's condition or the risk of future diseases. Healthy greetings from K-Lab!

Sumber:

KlikDokter: Apa Beda GERD dengan Maag?
Kemenkes: GERD dan Risikonya
Mayo Clinic: Symptoms and Causes of GERD